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About 30% of heart disease-related deaths in the U.S. are directly attributed to cigarette smoking. Smoking is a major cause of atherosclerosis. Nicotine in smoke leads to:

     – Reduced oxygen supply to the heart.

     – Elevated blood pressure and heart rate.

     – Increased blood clotting.

     – Damage to cells lining coronary arteries and other blood vessels

   – Unmodifiable Risk Factors:

     – Being male.

     – Being a woman who is past menopause.

     – Advancing age.

     – Having a family history of heart attack or coronary artery disease.

   Modifiable Risk Factors:

     – Smoking.

     – High cholesterol.

     – High blood pressure.

     – Lack of exercise.

     – Obesity.

     – Diabetes.

     – Unhealthy diet.

     – Stress.

   – By improving habits, you can reduce your risk of heart attack or angina

   – A heart-healthy diet can help:

     – Lower total and LDL (“bad”) cholesterol.

     – Reduce blood pressure.

     – Control blood sugar.

     – Aid weight loss.

   Tips:

     – Eat more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes.

     – Cut trans fats from your diet.

     – Swap saturated fats for unsaturated ones.

     – Choose lean sources of protein (chicken, fish, soy).

     – Limit red meat.

     – Opt for complex carbohydrates (whole-grain bread, rice, pasta) and avoid simple sugars